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eBay Oct55-150 Dimensions : The sheet: 48 cm by 33 cm. Original engraving, etching from the 18th century, called “optical view”, circa 1770, on laid paper. Watercolor color highlights. Minor punctures and dirt. Some cuts on the edges of the sheet. In transparency: Fast and careful shipping. The Vatican Apostolic Library or BAV (Latin: Bibliotheca Apostolica Vaticana), commonly called the Vatican Library or the Vatican, located in Rome, is one of the oldest libraries in the world. It is the state, public library of the Holy See. It continues to be maintained as a universal library, but is especially famous for its collections of manuscripts from all periods. Its purpose is to “preserve the books and manuscripts, the acts of the sovereign pontiffs and the dicasteries of the Roman Curia, and to transmit them through the centuries” and above all to “make available to the Holy See and to researchers throughout the world the treasures of culture and art” of which it is the showcase (John Paul II1). Probably from the 4th century until the late Middle Ages, the papacy had several libraries and also a chancery, which served as an archive. But the libraries have disappeared, almost without a trace. Founded during the Renaissance, the Vatican Library gave birth throughout history to the current secret archives of the Vatican (“secret” in the Latin sense of “private”). Several popes have devoted sustained resources and interest to it, starting with its founder, Nicholas V, who began to build up a fund around 1450. Major expansion works were undertaken under Sixtus IV, Sixtus V, Paul V, Leo XIII and Pius XI. During this work, the structure was divided into three sections for the conservation of Greek (Bibliotheca graeca), Latin (Bibliotheca latina) and precious (Bibliotheca secreta) manuscripts. Subsequently, a room was added for the conservation of the pontifical archives (Bibliotheca pontificia). Different artists participate in the decoration of the rooms, including Melozzo de Forlì, Davide Ghirlandaio and Domenico Ghirlandaio. The library was institutionalized in 1475 under the pontificate of Sixtus IV2. Under Sixtus V, faced with insufficient space to accommodate and preserve all the new documents, the architect Domenico Fontana was charged with the construction of a new building. The most important room is the Salone Sistino (Sixtine Room, named after Pope Sixtus V), which until the 19th century was the room for consultation and conservation of manuscripts. It is decorated with frescoes on the themes of books, councils and the major acts of the pontificate of Sixtus V. The apostolic library was then enriched with a number of precious manuscripts from collections such as that of the library of Queen Christina of Sweden. which she bequeathed to the Holy See, from the Duke of Urbino Frederick III of Montefeltro, and from great Roman families such as the Borghese and the Barberini. Several rooms, in addition to the two Sistine rooms, are added for the archiving of the collections: The two Pauline rooms, under the pontificate of Pope Paul V; The immense gallery of Urban VIII; The Alexandrine Room under the pontificate of Pope Alexander VIII; The three Clementine galleries under the pontificate of Pope Clement XII. In July 2007, the library closed for three years, due to major work to restructure the building3 and restore the frescoes for a total cost of 25 million euros. The staff is taking the opportunity to speed up the computerization of all the catalogs and reproduce certain manuscripts. Each book has been equipped with an electronic device to make it easy to find. The library reopened on September 20, 20104. Access to the Vatican Library is reserved for authorized researchers and concerns approximately 4,000 people per year. The library also has an 800 m2 bunker, in the basement, for the most precious pieces of the collection, such as, for example, the papyrus dating back to the year 200, containing the almost complete gospels of S. Luke and S. John4. An exhibition in 2012 made it possible to discover some of these unique pieces on the occasion of the 400th anniversary of the creation of the Vatican Secret Archives5. Visit to Montaigne The Roman Virgil with portrait of Virgil (folio 14 recto). Montaigne visited the Vatican Library on Mars 6, 1581 and left a detailed description of it in his Journal, because he was able to consult manuscripts or printed matter that he valued. He can Its purpose is to “preserve the books and manuscripts, the acts of the sovereign pontiffs and the dicasteries of the Roman Curia, and to transmit them through the centuries” and above all to “make available to the Holy See and to researchers throughout the world the treasures of culture and art” of which it is the showcase (John Paul II1). Probably from the 4th century until the late Middle Ages, the papacy had several libraries and also a chancery, which served as an archive. But the libraries have disappeared, almost without a trace. Founded during the Renaissance, the Vatican Library gave birth throughout history to the current secret archives of the Vatican (“secret” in the Latin sense of “private”). Several popes have devoted sustained resources and interest to it, starting with its f
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